Counseling
Counseling is a comprehensive term which involves interviewing, testing, guidance, advice, etc. to help a person solve his personal problems, plan for the future, etc. Counselling is a process in which there is a counsellor on one side and a learner on the other.
Features of Counseling
1. Counselling is a long process.
2. Counselling is related to the processes associated with interview, testing, guidance, advice, etc.
3. Counseling provides a solution to the client’s problem and makes a suitable plan for the future.
4. Counsellors are trained and skilled in solving individual and community problems.
5. Counselling involves a long process of testing (intelligence, attitude, anxiety tests).
6. To make planning for educational and vocational choice.
7. To develop social skills and social adjustment.
Types of Counselling
1. Directive Counselling:
This counselling is also called counsellor-centred counselling. In this, the counsellor is given priority. This counselling is given to mentally retarded and mentally challenged people. More successful for introverts.
2. Non-Directive Counselling:
In this client-centred counseling, the client is given complete freedom under controlled conditions so that he can express his desired behavior. Sometimes the counsellor asks the client something also.
The client develops his own understanding of the problem. More useful for independent areas and for intelligent and more intelligent people.
3. Elective Counseling:-
This counselling is a combination of both the counselling. Based on the problem of counselling and the situation of the person, the counsellor chooses which type of counselling should be used.
Basically , it combines directive and non-directive methods, adapting to client-specific needs.
Need and Importance of Counselling
1. Counseling helps in Effective problem-solving in personal spheres.
2. Addressing educational challenges and concerns. Especially in adolescene, when they decide about the stream for future career.
3. It also helps in Enhancing school environments and culture.
4. Counseling helps in resolving indiscipline issues in schools. It also helps to deal with problematic children.
5. It helps in Solving complex family conflicts.
6.it Addresses clinical issues like substance abuse and phobias.
7.it Resolves industrial disputes and conflicts.
8.it also helps in Facilitating occupational selection and planning.
Characteristics of a Good Counsellor (NCERT)
1. Demonstrating understanding, empathy, and compassion.
2. Employing empathetic attitudes and approaches.
3. Exhibiting genuine concern and well-wishing.
4. Practicing tolerance, patience, and positivity.
5. Maintaining honesty, integrity, and fairness.
6. Displaying behavioral expertise and knowledge.
7. Ensuring emotional stability and logical thinking.
8. Demonstrating objectivity, social intelligence, and awareness.
Difference between Guidance and Counseling
Guidance
1. Offers solutions and adjustments through direction and support.
2. Features passive direction with limited scope.
3. Focuses on advice and recommendation.
4. Encompasses personal, educational, and vocational guidance.
5. Utilizes inspection and survey techniques in every field like education, nursing etc.
6. Employs superficial approaches for immediate solutions.
7. Involves in-depth exploration of issues.
8. Encourages active client participation.
9. Develops comprehensive solutions.
10. Encompasses various aspects and approaches.
11. Includes directive, non-directive, and elective methods.
12. Employs testing, interviews, and personalized techniques.
13. Features personalized, in-depth approaches.
Counselling
1. Consultation involves a mutual relationship between two individuals collaborating to help clients resolve issues to the best of their abilities.
2. The counseling process is active, with counsellors remaining engaged with clients until problems are resolved.
3. Effective counselling provides practical assistance and advice.
4. The scope encompasses various approaches, including directive and non-directive methods.
5. Counseling utilizes probe, clinical, and personal history methods.
6. An external approach characterizes this process.
7. The counselling process is relatively complex.
8. Decision-making is essential.
9. Counselling continues until issues are resolved or adjusted.
Enhancing Guidance and Counselling Effectiveness
Heredity are some suggestions to enhance guidance and counseling effective:
1. Establishing a Guidance Bureau facilitates teacher training in guidance and counselling.
2. Providing relevant literature supports guidance and counselling initiatives.
3. Trained teachers should offer guidance and counselling in primary schools.
4. The Kothari Commission recommends appointing one counsellor per ten high schools.
5. Establishing a Psychological Bureau helps teachers understand students’ psychological concerns.
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